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Trigger Example
SQL> -- create demo table
SQL> create table Employee(
2 IDÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â VARCHAR2(4 BYTE) NOTÂ NULL,
3 First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
4 Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
5 Start_Date         DATE,
6 End_Date           DATE,
7 Salary             Number(8,2),
8 City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
9 Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
10 )
11 /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL> create table employee_audit (
2 id VARCHAR2(4 BYTE),
3 salary Number(8,2),
4 delete_date Date,
5 deleted_by VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)
6 )
7 /
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- prepare data
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
2 values ('01','Jason',    'Martin', to_date('19960725','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('20060725','YYYYMMDD'), 1234.56, 'Toronto',  'Programmer')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
2 values('02','Alison',   'Mathews', to_date('19760321','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19860221','YYYYMMDD'), 6661.78, 'Vancouver','Tester')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
2 values('03','James',    'Smith', to_date('19781212','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19900315','YYYYMMDD'), 6544.78, 'Vancouver','Tester')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
2 values('04','Celia',    'Rice', to_date('19821024','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19990421','YYYYMMDD'), 2344.78, 'Vancouver','Manager')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)
2 values('05','Robert',   'Black', to_date('19840115','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19980808','YYYYMMDD'), 2334.78, 'Vancouver','Tester')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
2 values('06','Linda',    'Green', to_date('19870730','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19960104','YYYYMMDD'), 4322.78,'New York',  'Tester')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
2 values('07','David',    'Larry', to_date('19901231','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19980212','YYYYMMDD'), 7897.78,'New York',  'Manager')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)
2 values('08','James',    'Cat', to_date('19960917','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('20020415','YYYYMMDD'), 1232.78,'Vancouver', 'Tester')
3 /
1 row created.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- display data in the table
SQL> select * from Employee
2 /
IDÂ Â Â FIRST_NAMEÂ LAST_NAMEÂ Â START_DATÂ END_DATEÂ Â Â Â Â Â SALARYÂ CITYÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â DESCRIPTION
----Â ----------Â ----------Â ---------Â ---------Â ----------Â ----------Â ---------------
01 Jason      Martin 25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer
02 Alison     Mathews 21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester
03 James      Smith 12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester
04 Celia      Rice 24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager
05 Robert     Black 15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester
06 Linda      Green 30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester
07 David      Larry 31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager
08 James      Cat 17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>Â --Â before delete trigger
SQL>
SQL> CREATE ORÂ REPLACEÂ TRIGGERÂ employee_before_delete
2 BEFORE DELETE
3 ONÂ employee
4 FORÂ EACHÂ ROW
5
6 DECLARE
7 v_username varchar2(10);
8
9 BEGIN
10
11 -- Find username of person performing the DELETE on the table
12 SELECT user INTO v_username
13 FROM dual;
14
15 -- Insert record into audit table
16 INSERT INTO employee_audit (id, salary, delete_date,deleted_by )
17 VALUES (:old.id,:old.salary, sysdate, v_username );
18
19
20
21 END;
22 /
Trigger created.
SQL>
SQL> delete from employee;
8 rows deleted.
SQL>
SQL> select * from employee_audit;
IDÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â SALARYÂ DELETE_DAÂ DELETED_BY
----Â ----------Â ---------Â ---------------
01Â Â Â Â Â Â 1234.56Â 09-SEP-06 JAVA2S
02Â Â Â Â Â Â 6661.78Â 09-SEP-06 JAVA2S
03Â Â Â Â Â Â 6544.78Â 09-SEP-06 JAVA2S
04Â Â Â Â Â Â 2344.78Â 09-SEP-06 JAVA2S
05Â Â Â Â Â Â 2334.78Â 09-SEP-06 JAVA2S
06Â Â Â Â Â Â 4322.78Â 09-SEP-06 JAVA2S
07Â Â Â Â Â Â 7897.78Â 09-SEP-06 JAVA2S
08Â Â Â Â Â Â 1232.78Â 09-SEP-06 JAVA2S
8 rows selected.
SQL>
SQL> drop table employee_audit;
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> -- clean the table
SQL> drop table Employee
2 /
Table dropped.
SQL>
SQL>
Filed under: 7. Operating System